Theoretical, methodological and practical aspects of trajectory training of students in the technology «inverted class»

• Борзова Татьяна Александровна

  T.А. Borzova. Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service. Vladivostok. Russia

Emphasizing the role of personality-oriented learning in the professional training of bachelors, the author notes the pattern of transition at the current stage of higher education’s modernization to the organization of the educational process along individual trajectories.
The  purpose  of  the  research  is  to  reveal  the  variable  potential  of  the  flipped  classroom technology in the individualization of learning. The article identifies the main advantages and disadvantages of variable learning, considering tuition of first-year students within the
flipped classroom technology, and offers recommendations for its further optimization. The theoretical part defines the basic concepts: individual educational trajectory, trajectory approach, variable learning, and flipped classroom technology. The concept of “individuali-
zation of the educational process” includes 1) organizational and procedural aspect (realization of academic freedoms in the choice of universities, period of tuition, and elective courses),  and  2)  scientific  and  methodological  aspect  (introduction  of  the  trajectory  approach into the educational process).
The practical part elaborates on the adaptive potential of the flipped classroom technology under the trajectory approach; it also analyzes the variable capabilities of content in the electronic educational environment, as well as methods and criteria for the individualiza
tion of educational material. The author summarizes the experience of variable learning applied in the “Russian Language and Culture of Speech” course, analyzes versions of practical assignments differentiated by the levels of mental activity (B. Bloom's taxonomy): ba-
sic level (version 1) – knowledge, understanding, and application; advanced level (version 2) – analysis, synthesis, evaluation. The article discusses rating criteria; elaborates on the advantages  and  disadvantages  of  variable  approach  to  learning  within  the  flipped  class-
room technology on the example of the “Russian Language and Culture of Speech” course, and offers recommendations for its optimization. The article contains the results of students’ survey that clarify the motivation for choosing the version of assignment. The author concludes that variable learning contributes to increasing the level of knowledge and skills, helps first-year students to plan and carry out personally significant individual educational trajectories. Choice of tasks at an appropriate level of difficulty by the first-year students in the process of learning develops such important interpersonal and professional qualities as self-reflection on abilities and achievements, independence, responsibility, self-control, and self-esteem.
Keywords: Personality-oriented learning, individualization of learning, individual educational
trajectory (IET), trajectory approach, trajectory learning, variable learning, blended learning,
flipped classroom technology.